Whose Modernism? An Exhibition Review of Mohamed ElShahed’s Cairo Modern

By Marianne Dhenin and Mohamed Gamal-Eldin

(All image credits belong to Gamal-Eldin)

The first-floor exhibition space, photographed from its entrance, has pink walls and black-cased lightbox panels with white text and black-and-white backlit images of Modernist works of Egyptian architecture and urban planning.
The view upon entering Elshahed’s “Cairo Modern” exhibition at New York City’s Center for Architecture. Most of the featured photographs have been reprinted from al-Emara magazine.

On a tree-lined side street just around the corner from Washington Square Park – and close enough to Zooba, the hip Cairo- and now New York-based Egyptian street food restaurant, to warrant traipsing over for lunch– scenes from everyday life in Cairo are on display at New York City’s Center for Architecture

A backlit black-and-white image at the center of the room shows a woman in a striped shirt and knee-length skirt, flanked by palm trees and bamboo lawn furniture, the sort that’s still ubiquitous at sporting clubs and cafés across Egypt, posing for the camera on the Nile’s Mounira Island. A thirty-one-story high-rise towers in the background. Another image shows a pair of students seated in those same bamboo chairs on the lawn outside the American University in Cairo’s six-story Science Building, its large glass windows protected by an elaborate brise soleil.

Image of the now-demolished AUC Science Building, a six-story, bar-shaped building with large glass windows, shaded by a brise soleil of small rectangular openings. Two students converse in the image’s foreground, sitting in bamboo chairs on the lawn in front of the building.
Panel from Cairo Modern. A pair of students talk on the lawn of the now-demolished AUC Science Building. When the university moved to a new campus in New Cairo, it sold off valuable land downtown allowing for such demolitions. This type of distinct architecture has not been preserved well in twenty-first-century Cairo.

While the scenes feel timeless, the focus of the exhibition is not the characters at all. Instead, the focus is on the built environment they inhabit. The images have been brought together, in part, to challenge the anthropocentrism of history and underscore the impermanence of modernist buildings in this city on the Nile. The Sabet Sabet Building, built in 1958, which rises in the background of the image from Mounira, still stands in Garden City. But the Science Building on AUC’s downtown campus, designed by architect Medhat Hassan Shaheen and built in 1966, has been abandoned and demolished, victim to what academics call Cairo’s urbicide.

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The Presbyterian Historical Society

By Weston Bland and Joe Leidy

Content Warning: The following archive review includes discussion of missionary activity and of colonialism.

Presbyterian Historical Society (Photo credit: Presbyterian Historical Society)

The Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia (PHS) has substantial holdings of missionary records in the Middle East which will reward exploration by scholars interested in the region. Because the PHS holds on-site archival records of Presbyterian missionary institutions and some American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) materials, their collections have the potential to cast new light on missionary activities and interactions with Middle Eastern populations.

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New York Public Library Schiff Collection

By Raphael Cormack

Hazine recognizes that most archives and libraries are closed right now and emphasize prioritizing during these times the health and safety of all those who work at archives and libraries as well as the health and safety of those who use archives and libraries. We are publishing archive reviews in the hopes that eventually these repositories will be accessible again

Finding pre-First World War Arabic printed books in European and American libraries is sometimes a complex business, involving navigating the online catalogs of different institutions, trying creative transliterations, and a good deal of luck. The major collections are well known – British Library, Bibliothèque national de France, Harvard, Yale, etc.. But, for a variety of reasons, people often overlook the New York Public Library, which had amassed one of the best (if not the best) collections of Middle Eastern books in America by the 1920s. In large part, this is because many of the books have not yet been uploaded to the online catalog and those that have been, can be quite hard to search because you need to have the transliteration right – e.g. it took me a long time to find the play لا اتزوج ولو شنقوني (la atzūj wa lū shankūnī). So, I hope it will be helpful if I provide a brief guide to using the Arabic books there, particularly those in the Schiff Collection.

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